Fig. 1 |
Now it is always possible to replace these Delta connected resistances by three equivalent Star connected resistances R1, R2 , R3
between the same terminals 1, 2, and 3. Such a star is shown inside
the Delta in the Fig. 1 which is called equivalent Star of Delta
connected resistances.
Key point
: Now to call these tow arrangements as equivalent, the resistance
between any tow terminals must be same in both the types of
connections.
Now consider the terminals (1) and (2). Let us find equivalent
resistance between (1) and (2). We can redraw the network as viewed
from the terminals (1) and (2), without considering terminal (3). This
is shown in the Fig. 2(b).
Now terminal '3' we are not considering , so between terminal (1) and (2) we get the combination as,
R12 parallel with ( R31 + R23 ) as R31 and R23 are in series.
Between (1) and (2) the resistance is,
{using (R1 R2 )/(R1 +R2 ) for parallel combination)
Now consider the same tow terminals of equivalent Star connection shown in the Fig. 3.
Now as viewed from terminals (1) and (2) we see that terminal (3) is
not getting connected anywhere and hence is not playing any role in
deciding the resistances viewed from terminals (1) and (2).
And hence we can redraw the network as viewed through the terminals (1) and (2) as shown in the Fig. 4.
... Between (1) and (2) the resistance is = R1 + R2 .................... (b)
This is because, tow of them found to be in series across the terminals 1 and 2 while 3 found to be open.
Now to call this Star as equivalent of given Delta it is necessary
that the resistances calculated between terminals (1) and (2) in both
the cases should be equal and hence equating equations (a) and (b),
Similarly if we find the equivalent resistance as viewed through
terminals (2) and (3) in both the cases and equating, we get,
Similarly if we find the equivalent resistance as viewed through
terminals (3) and (1) in both the cases and equating, we get,
Now we are interested in calculating what are the values of R1 ,R2 ,R3 interms of known values R12 , R23 , andR31.
Subtracting equation (f) and equation (c),
Adding equation (f) and equation (e),
Similarly by using another combinations of subtraction and addition with equations (c), (d) and (e) we can get,
and
Easy way for remembering the result :
The
equivalent star resistance between any terminal and star point is equal
to the product of the tow resistances in delta, which are connected to
same terminal, divided by the sum of all three delta connected
resistances Fig. 5.
So if we want equivalent resistance between terminal (2) and star point i.e. R2 then it is the product of tow resistances in delta which are connected to same terminal i.e. terminal (2) which are R12 and R23 divided by sum of all delta connected resistances i.e. R12 ,R23 and R31.
Fig . 5 |
Note : If all resistances in a Delta connection have same magnitude say R, then its equivalent Star will contain,
R1 = R2 = R3 = ( R x R)/(R + R + R) =R/3
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